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"920917.DFC" (131388 bytes) was created on 09-17-92
17-Sep-92 Daily File Collection
These files were added or updated between 16-Sep-92 at 21:00:00 {Central}
and 17-Sep-92 at 21:00:18.
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:920917.REL
9/17/92: NASA SCIENTIST AWARDED RUSSIAN MEDAL FOR SPACE ACHIEVEMENT
HQ 92-151/HUNTRESS AWARD
Donald L. Savage
Headquarters, Washington, D.C. September 17, 1992
RELEASE: 92-151
Dr. Wesley T. Huntress, Jr., Director of NASA's Solar System Exploration
Division, Washington, D.C., last week received the Korolev Medal, awarded by
the Russian Federation of Astronautics and Cosmonautics for achievement in
space research.
Dr. Huntress received the award at the sixth annual meeting of the
U.S./Russia Joint Working Group on Solar System Exploration held in San
Francisco. The award citation recognized his "great contribution to the
development of Russian-American cooperation in solar system exploration."
Recipients of the Korolev Medal have included cosmonauts, scientists and key
individuals who have made significant contributions to space research.
"I'm especially pleased that Dr. Huntress has been recognized for this
prestigious award," said Daniel S. Goldin, NASA Administrator. "It is another
symbol of the close working relationship between NASA and our colleagues in the
Russian Federation and the high level of esteem with which they -- and we --
regard him."
Dr. Huntress currently is responsible for leading the nation's planetary
science and exploration program, including the ongoing missions of Ulysses,
Magellan and Galileo and the upcoming Mars Observer mission.
Dr. Huntress has been Director of NASA's Solar System Exploration
Division since July 1990. Prior to that, he served for 2 years as Special
Assistant to the Director of the Earth Science and Applications Division. He
came to NASA Headquarters after a 20-year career as a scientist at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., where he participated in a number of
projects including the Giotto Halley's Comet, the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid
Flyby and Cassini missions.
At JPL, Dr. Huntress and his group gained international recognition for
their pioneering studies of chemical evolution in interstellar clouds, comets
and planetary atmospheres.
- end -
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
=--=--=-END-=--=--=
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:920917.SHU
KSC SHUTTLE STATUS 9/17/92
KSC SHUTTLE STATUS REPORT - THURSDAY, SEPT. 17, 1992 11 AM
STS-47/SPACELAB J - ENDEAVOUR (105) - ON-ORBIT
Mission STS-47 continues successfully as flight day 6 begins
today. Endeavour's landing is planned on Sunday at Kennedy Space
Center's Shuttle Landing Facility at 7:19 a.m. EDT. KSC's convoy
team will safe the vehicle and prepare the orbiter for tow to Or-
biter Processing Facility bay 1.
The STS-47 flight crew is scheduled to depart KSC about 8
hours after landing enroute to Houston, Tex.
STS-52/LAGEOS - COLUMBIA (OV 102) - OPF BAY 1
WORK IN PROGRESS:
- Cleaning of the payload bay.
- Preparations to close the payload bay doors.
- Close outs of the vehicle.
- Final brazing of gaseous nitrogen lines in the aft compartment.
- Replacement of the water accumulator for the crystals by vapor
transport experiment located in the middeck.
- Loading the STS-52 experiments into the payload canister.
WORK SCHEDULED:
- Transfer the STS-52 payloads to Pad 39-B tomorrow.
- Transfer Columbia to the Vehicle Assembly Building targeted for
Sunday. Columbia will be bolted to the external tank and
boosters.
- Flight Readiness Review on October 1.
- Launch targeted for mid-October.
STS-53/DoD - DISCOVERY (OV 103) - OPF BAY 3
WORK IN PROGRESS:
- Disconnection of the orbital maneuvering system crossfeed
lines.
- Preparations to remove the left orbital maneuvering system
(OMS) pod for repairs of an oxidizer isolation valve. The pod
will be transferred to the Hypergolic Maintenance Facility where
repairs will be made.
- Leak and functional tests of the auxiliary power units.
- Servicing of freon coolant loop No. 1.
- Servicing of the potable water.
MODIFICATION PERIOD - ATLANTIS (OV 104) - OPF BAY 2
WORK IN PROGRESS:
- Packing the Ku-band drive assembly.
- Installing the reinforced carbon carbon chin panel.
- Preparations to deservice the freon cooling system.
- Tests of the main propulsion system.
WORK SCHEDULED:
- Ferry Atlantis to the Rockwell International facility in
Palmdale, Calif. on October 17 for extensive modifications.
STS-52 SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS/EXTERNAL TANK - VAB HIGH BAY 1
WORK SCHEDULED:
- Bolting the orbiter Columbia to the boosters and tank this
weekend.
STS-53 SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS/ MLP-1 - VAB HIGH BAY 3
WORK IN PROGRESS:
- Attaching the right forward segment to the right booster.
# # # #
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
=--=--=-END-=--=--=
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:920917.SKD
DAILY NEWS/TV SKED 9/17/92
Daily News
Thursday, September 17, 1992 24-hour audio service at 202/755-1788
% Flawless performance of STS-47 crew, Spacelab and Endeavour continues;
% Flight management OK's mission extension, landing now set for Sunday;
% Administrator Goldin to give keynote speech at Aerospace Industries
luncheon;
% Langley researchers working on tropical atmospheric chemistry
investigations;
% Now that school has begun, Marshall reports Spacelink calls rising again;
% Columbia set for rollover this Saturday for mating with STS-52 stack.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
The nearly flawless performance of Endeavour, the Spacelab module and the
seven-member STS-47 crew continues as the mission progresses toward a new
planned landing on Sunday. Mission managers yesterday told the crew that
because of their superb management of onboard consumables, the mission was
being extended an additional day. Spacelab-J mission manager Aubray King said
that extension would produce "a large increase in the science return."
Japanese payload specialist Mamoru Mohri yesterday performed an in-flight
maintenance procedure on the Image Furnace to improve its ability to precisely
melt acoustically-suspended samples. The furnace's mirror and lamp adjustment
system were greased by Mohri. The furnace was then used to provide additional
data on the volume-temperature relationships of glass melts.
Other crew members continued their investigations with materials and life
science subjects. Mission specialist Jan Davis terminated the growth and
secured one small organic metal crystal. The crystals, which are extremely
difficult to grow well-enough on Earth to study the crystal properties, are
believed to be an important new research tool for studies in the developing
field of organic electronics. Another, larger sample continues to grow in
another chamber.
Life science observations of the frogs, carp and hornets indicate that all
these biological subjects continue to perform well in their microgravity
environment. The hornets now appear to be tending to larvae and building their
honeycomb. Mae Jemison and Davis also continued with their Lower Body Negative
Pressure tests. The system is being developed as a possible countermeasure for
some of microgravity's debilitating effects on the human cardiovascular system.
Jemison and Davis also took part in separate conversations with teachers,
students and community leaders yesterday. Jemison talked with former teachers
and present students in her hometown of Chicago, telling them that her teachers
were a great influence on her and her choice of a career. Davis later spoke
with community leaders from her hometown of Huntsville, telling them she was
excited to be working an a Marshall-managed project after having worked at the
center for eight years.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
NASA Administrator Daniel Goldin will be the keynote speaker at a luncheon
being held in Washington today of the Aerospace Industries Association of
America. Goldin will announce a number of initiatives to improve how NASA
conducts business and works with its contractors. The remarks are being taped
for playback following the conclusion of the STS-47 mission on NASA Select
television.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Earth scientists at the Langley Research Center are in the process of
monitoring the chemical composition of the atmosphere over the southern
tropical Atlantic Ocean and the adjacent African and South American continental
land masses. The investigation is part of the center's continuing
environmental investigations into global tropospheric chemistry.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Marshall Space Flight Center reports their Spacelink calls are up again, as
expected with school beginning. The center's electronically-maintained space
and science database received about 18,000 callers last month. Almost half of
the callers were either teachers or students.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Kennedy Space Center technicians expect to move Columbia from the Orbiter
Processing Facility to the Vehicle Assembly Building just past midnight
Saturday, September 19, for mating with the STS-52 solid rocket booster and
external tank stack. The Kennedy center's launch readiness review for the mid-
October mission has been set for Thursday, October 1. The mission is a
nine-day flight to deploy a variety of scientific payloads and carry out a
number of engineering and science experiments.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Here's the broadcast schedule for Public Affairs events on NASA Select TV.
Note that all events and times may change without notice, and that all times
listed are Eastern. Live indicates a program is transmitted live.
Thursday, September 17, 1992
Live 2:00 pm Today in Space program from MSFC.
Live 3:00 pm Mission Status briefing from JSC and MSFC.
8:30 pm Replay of Today in Space program.
9:00 pm Flight Day 6 highlights.
Friday, September 18, 1992
Live 7:53 am VIP conversation with Japanese payload
specialist Mamoru Mohri.
Live 2:00 pm Today in Space program from MSFC.
Live 3:00 pm Mission Status briefing from JSC and MSFC.
8:30 pm Replay of Today in Space program.
9:00 pm Flight Day 7 highlights.
Saturday, September 19, 1992
Live 2:00 pm Today in Space program from MSFC.
Live 3:00 pm Mission Status briefing from JSC and MSFC.
8:30 pm Replay of Today in Space program.
9:00 pm Flight Day 8 highlights.
Sunday, September 20, 1992
6:19 am Scheduled time of Endeavour's re-entry maneuver.
Live 7:19 am Scheduled time of landing of STS-47 crew and
Endeavour at Kennedy Space Center Shuttle Landing Facility.
NASA Select TV is carried on GE Satcom F2R, transponder 13, C-
Band, 72 degrees West Longitude, transponder frequency is 3960
MegaHertz, audio subcarrier is 6.8 MHz, polarization is
vertical.
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
=--=--=-END-=--=--=
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:920917A.REL
9/17/92: FIRST STUDENT-BUILT ROCKET PAYLOAD SET FOR LAUNCH MONDAY
HQ 92-152/STUDENT ROCKET
Terri Sindelar
Headquarters, Washington, D.C. September 17, 1992
Keith Kohler
Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Va.
RELEASE: 92-152
The first sounding rocket payload managed and built by students is
scheduled for launch on a NASA Orion launch vehicle, Monday, Sept. 21, from
NASA's Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Va.
Using surplus and donated equipment, the students will measure ozone
density in the atmosphere above Wallops Island. Their data will be analyzed and
compared with data gathered by NASA's Earth Radiation Budget Satellite.
The pilot project, known as the Colorado Student Ozone Atmospheric Rocket
(CSOAR), was developed to demonstrate the use of sounding rocket flight as a
valuable educational tool for undergraduate and graduate students.
This joint venture between NASA and the Space Grant Consortiums in
Colorado and Virginia provides students hands-on experience in learning the
basics of sounding rocket and science instrumentation, as well as learning
about atmospheric ozone.
More than 50 graduate and undergraduate students from six participating
Colorado colleges and universities have developed the CSOAR payload over the
past 2 years. Virginia students are providing post-flight data comparison and
public affairs support. NASA Wallops Flight Facility is providing engineering
advisors, an Orion launch vehicle, payload recovery system and operational
launch support.
The science instruments on the 140-pound (63 kg) CSOAR payload will begin
taking data at about 15 miles (25 km) and will continue until the rocket
reaches its highest altitude of 37 miles (60 km). The payload will descend by
parachute and be recovered in the Atlantic Ocean off the Eastern Shore of
Virginia. The total flight time is less than 30 minutes.
The participating Colorado universities are the University of Colorado at
Boulder; University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; Fort Lewis College,
Durango; Mesa State College, Grand Junction; Colorado State University, Fort
Collins; and University of Southern Colorado, Pueblo. The Virginia universities
participating in the CSOAR project are Old Dominion University, Norfolk, and
Hampton University, Hampton.
The CSOAR launch is supported by the NASA Sounding Rocket program, which
is managed at Wallops for NASA's Office of Space Science and Applications,
Washington, D.C. The NASA program consists of approximately 30 sounding rockets
launched each year from various worldwide locations.
- end -
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
=--=--=-END-=--=--=
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:920917B.REL
9/17/92: GOLDIN ANNOUNCES INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE NASA PERFORMANCE
Bill Livingstone
Headquarters, Washington, D.C. September 17, 1992
RELEASE: 92-154
WASHINGTON -- NASA Administrator Daniel S. Goldin today announced a
series of broad initiatives and activities to improve the way the agency
conducts business and works with its contractors.
"We are committed to strengthening AmericaUs belief in NASA as the 'can
do' government agency," Goldin said at a speech to the American Institute of
Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). "And to remaining an institution that
provides inspiration, economic and education benefits to all Americans."
The initiatives represent the work over the past several months of the
Red and Blue review teams, which have been looking at every NASA program on
ways to operate faster, better, and cheaper without compromising safety.
As each of the teams scrubbed through their respective programs, they
were tasked to pay particular attention to operational costs that have been
growing at an alarming rate.
"We are pleased to report that each team has taken steps to reduce
those costs," Goldin said. "We will use those savings to begin planning for
new missions, using small spacecraft."
Following are the major initiatives and activities:
NASA'S Program Priorities
** Shuttle Safety Top Priority -- NASA is working to make the shuttle
system safer and more reliable. This includes making investments in new
display systems to optimize the flight controllers tasks, investing in hardware
improvements, improving engine safety, and developing state of the art
avionics.
"Our top priority is Shuttle safety -- the continuation of a safe,
robust shuttle program into the early part of the next century, with a maximum
of eight flights per year," Goldin said.
** Space Station Freedom Second Priority -- "Our second priority is
Space Station Freedom," Goldin said.
NASA is taking steps to ensure its top talent is working on this
program, and Goldin said NASA expects contractors to put their best people on
the program as well.
** Pooling Award Fees -- To ensure that there is complete cooperation
among the contractors working various contracts, NASA is examining the idea of
setting aside a portion of the Space Station contractors' award fee and
establishing a combined pool.
"The fee paid from this pool would be awarded based on how well the
contractors are working as an integrated team in meeting milestones and cost
estimates," Goldin said.
** Aeronautics is High Priority -- Goldin said NASA must forge a joint
vision with its partners in industry of where we should be heading in
commercial aeronautics. The Red and Blue teams recommended that NASA better
balance its programs between advanced subsonics, NASP hypersonics and high
speed civil transport, including, as an example, shifting more funds to
advanced subsonics and noise reduction.
"We need to concentrate on programs that will lay the ground work for
future generations of commercial aircraft," Goldin said. "We cannot get there
from here if we spread our resources too thin."
"We must also shift more resources to supersonic transport propulsion
concepts, aimed at greater fuel efficiencies and lower noise and exhaust
emissions," Goldin said.
Goldin announced that in October he will meet with the CEOs of the
largest airframe and engine manufacturers to brainstorm and discuss whether
they agree with NASA'S assessment of priorities in aeronautics.
** EOS, AXAF, and Cassini High Priority -- Delivery on these science
missions is a very high priority.
Based on reviews of the Red and Blue teams, it has become clear that
the development of suitable instruments is impacting NASA'S ability to
accomplish these programs on time and within cost estimates.
"We intend to call upon our contractors, scientists from universities,
and our field centers to develop a new process to ensure we can provide for
early availability of these instruments so crucial to our ability to extend our
knowledge of Earth and our solar system," Goldin said.
** Earth Observing Systems (EOS) -- EOS has been rescoped, resulting in
several improvements. Tasks have been more clearly defined and therefore can
be more readily accomplished.
"The program is more evolutionary now; new capabilities will be phased
in," Goldin said. "Some of the potential international collaborations can
result in certain EOS measurements being made earlier than was originally
envisioned."
The rescoping exercise, and incorporating 'common designs' will result
in savings of $3 billion, "while still preserving the essential science
objectives, as well as launch schedule of the main EOS spacecraft."
An estimated $1 billion will be saved by rescoping and deferrals,
including the deletion of the High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (HIRIS)
instrument from the second EOS-AM spacecraft launched in 2003.
Goldin said the deletion of the instrument can potentially be
compensated for by a vigorous Landsat program and/or advances in technology
that result in lighter weight and lower cost imaging instruments.
** Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) -- AXAF has been
restructured into two smaller platforms. The changes will not cause a negative
impact on the expected science. The Imaging AXAF mission will be launched into
a high Earth orbit, allowing simpler and less expensive support systems for
power, communications and pointing control. The small, or spectroscopic,
mission will be flown on a Delta class rocket to low Earth orbit.
** Cassini Redesigned -- Fundamental changes will be made in the
management approach. Technical managers will be empowered to act as project
managers for their subsystems. All elements of a section will report directly
to the technical manager. Projected staffing levels will be reduced by over
700 workyears.
Key features of the re-designed mission include: Cassini-unique
spacecraft with body-fixed instruments, and a lighter spacecraft permitting the
launch by a standard Titan IV vehicle.
** Space Exploration Initiative (SEI) a Priority -- Goldin said NASA
will perform the precursor work to ensure the SEI goals are achievable. NASA
will also focus on small probes.
"Our goal is to build a credible program in the short term, and with
that foundation, work towards more substantial funding in future years," Goldin
said.
Other Initiatives
** National Launch System -- The Blue Team recommended changes to the
program baseline, which are being coordinated with the Department of Defense,
that include the reassessment of the facilities needed, the engine-out
requirement for multi-engine configurations, and acceleration of vehicle
development.
** Award Fee -- NASA will discuss its final proposed policy on Award
Fee Contracting with the NASA-Industry Process Action Team on September 21 and
expects to issue a policy for public comment in early October.
** Independent Cost Assessment Group -- NASA will establish a new
independent group -- as recommended by the Augustine Committee -- staffed with
sufficient resources and modern cost estimating tools, to help ensure its cost
estimates are as accurate as possible.
** Cost Overruns -- Goldin said NASA "can no longer afford broken
promises." According to a General Accounting Office (GAO) report, in a sample
of 29 NASA programs, the average cost growth was 75 percent.
"We can not tolerate contracts so fluid, that the product we bargained
for in no way resembles what we end up with," Goldin said.
"We are partners with industry, but we will hold you [contractors]
accountable for what you sign up to deliver and ourselves accountable for
establishing firm requirements," Goldin said.
"I am confident that if we work as a team we will not only deliver
great science, but we will do it on time and within budget. As a team, we will
deliver on our promises," Goldin said.
** Town Meetings -- NASA will share its vision, mission and values with
the American people during a series of town meetings, scheduled to begin in
November, as well as allow prime contractors, small and disadvantaged
businesses and the university community to express their views. Planned
locations include Hartford, Raleigh-Durham, Tampa, Indianapolis, Los Angeles,
and Seattle.
** Headquarters -- NASA is examining the roles and responsibilities of
headquarters and the centers. The review is focused on eliminating conflicts
caused by a lack of clear lines of authority and responsibility, as well as
identifying the tasks that are headquarters' functions that should be
transferred to field centers.
- end -
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
=--=--=-END-=--=--=
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:3_2_7.TXT
HOW TO PROPOSE NAMES FOR VENUS GEOLOGICAL FEATURES
SPACELINK NOTE: The date for submitting names has past, but we have left this
document on the system for historical purposes.
3/8/91: NAMES OF NOTABLE WOMEN TO BE PROPOSED FOR VENUS FEATURES
RELEASE: 91-38
Scientists of NASA's Magellan Project, in association with
the U.S. Geological Survey, are inviting the public to propose names
of notable women for the many impact craters and large volcanic
vents being discovered on Venus by the Magellan spacecraft's imaging
radar.
"We want everyone, especially students, to share in the
adventure of discovery," said Magellan Project Scientist Dr. Steve
Saunders. He said that the impact craters on Venus are some of the
most beautiful features in the solar system. They form somewhat
randomly in time and space when an asteroid or very large comet
collides with Venus' surface.
"The flower-like symmetry of impact craters evidences the
enormous energy of these infrequent events," he said. "A modest
20-mile-diameter crater represents more energy than is contained in
all the arsenals on Earth."
Names sent to the Magellan Project offices at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory will be compiled for the Working Group for
Planetary System Nomenclature, a committee of the International
Astronomical Union (IAU). The IAU gives final approval to names for
bodies in the solar system.
Because the IAU meets only every 3 years and its next
meeting is in July 1991, names newly proposed for Venusian features
will not be considered until the following meeting in 1994. But
names proposed this year, if accepted as provisional by the
nomenclature committee, may be used on published maps and in
articles, pending final approval by the IAU.
Scientists at the U.S. Geological Survey's Flagstaff, Ariz.,
field office said they expect names for 4000 or more features on
Venus are likely to be required in the coming decade. Of those
features, at least 900 are expected to be impact craters.
Cratersand volcanic calderas, called "paterae," on Venus are named
for notable, actual women.
Indeed, all features on Venus are named for women, with only
three exceptions. They are Maxwell Montes, named years ago for
early radar pioneer James Maxwell, and Alpha Regio and Beta Regio.
"The mapping of Venus is unique in the history of
cartography," said USGS cartographers Ray Batson and Joel Russell.
"Never has so much territory been discovered and mapped in so short
a period of time."
The process of naming features on Venus began in the 1960s
with early radar images taken from Earth. It continued through radar
mapping spacecraft expeditions of the United States and Soviet
Union.
But, they said, the Magellan mission is resolving features
25 times smaller than those mapped previously and its radar data
will cover an area nearly equivalent to that of the continents and
the ocean floors on Earth.
Many features on Venus, by international agreement, are
named for goddesses of ancient religions and cultures. But craters
and volcanic calderas or vents, the paterae, are named for actual
women.
There are certain stipulations, however. For example, women
must have been deceased for at least 3 years and must have been in
some way notable or worthy of the honor.
Names of military or political figures of the 19th and 20th
Centuries are specifically forbidden under rules of the IAU, as are
the names of persons prominent in any of the six main living
religions. Names of a specific national significance also are not
allowed.
When the name is submitted, her birth and death years and a
one or two sentence written rationale for the honor should be given,
along with a reference book citation, if available.
The Magellan project members ask that submissions be sent to:
Venus Names
Magellan Project Office
Mail Stop 230-201
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
4800 Oak Grove Dr.
Pasadena, Calif. 91109.
- end -
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
=--=--=-END-=--=--=
=--=--=START=--=--= NASA Spacelink File Name:6_2_2_39_12_20.TXT
SL-J Mission Status Report #07
6:00 p.m. CDT, September 15, 1992
03/08:40 MET
Spacelab Mission Operations Control
Marshall Space Flight Center
Huntsville, Alabama
As Space Shuttle Endeavour continued its orbit of the Earth, crew members were
busy on their fourth day of the mission known as Spacelab-J. Forty-three
experiments make up the payload for this seven-day, joint venture between the
National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) and the National Space Development
Agency of Japan (NASDA), and several of these investigations were the focus of
today's research.
Dr. Mamoru Mohri completed the initial operation of the Acoustic Levitation
Furnace, one of several which make up Japan's Materials Experiment Laboratory
(MEL). He successfully demonstrated that it is possible to heat a glass sample
while it is suspended to avoid contact with a container. While the glass was
levitated by sound waves traveling between twin curved mirrors, it was heated
by the focused light of a pair of halogen lamps. The glass was suspended for
an extended period, allowing it to melt and begin to cool, before a random
vibration moved it away from the center of its case and caused it to hit the
chamber wall. Principal investigator Dr. Junji Hayakawa of the Government
Industrial Research Institute was very pleased with the first performance of
his experiment facility in space. He asked that the crew avoid all contact
with the furnace panel to alleviate any possible vibrations duing the next
sample levitation session, scheduled for late Thursday afternoon. This
experiment attempts to create a non-silicon-based glass with superior
transmission properties in the infrared wavelength region.
Mohri installed a sample containing an alloy of tungsten and nickel powder into
the Large Isothermal Furnace (LIF) to test a materials processing application
known as sintering. Sintering is a process by which particles are joined
together to form a material using heat and pressure, without reaching the
melting point of one or both of the materials. The sample of tungsten-nickel
mixture was installed in the LIF and heated at 2800 degrees Fahrenheit. Growth
of solid particles when one of the compounds is melted is of interest to
scientists, but cannot be studied effectively on Earth because gravity
segregates the solid particles. The data gathered during this mission will
help scientists such as principal investigator Dr. Shiro Kohara of the Science
University of Tokyo better understand and possibly improve sintering processes
on Earth. It also raises the possibility of conducting such alloy manufacturing
in microgravity laboratories like Space Station Freedom.
In an effort to understand more about the factors that contribute to space
motion sickness, Mohri had his head in a stabilizing device while he tracked a
series of lights on a cross made of two bars. The first part of this test
investigates how the eye responds to simple visual stimuli in microgravity
conditions. The second use of this light-stimulation equipment tested hand-eye
coordination under weightless conditions to gather data on human functioning
and performance during space travel.
One of Mission Specialist Mark Lee's many duties today included giving a report
on the health of the carp to scientists at the Spacelab Mission Operations
Control center in Huntsville, Ala. He mentioned that the fish looked the same
as they did on launch day and appeared to be in good health. This verbal
report is in addition to the brain wave recordings made during the light
stimulation activities in their containers, which take place two times each
day. By gathering data on the sensory conflict between eyes and inner ears
during Spacelab-J, scientists hope to better understand this difference and its
relationship to space motion sickness.
Lee worked with another experiment investigating the effects of space travel
when he exchanged the media (nutrient supply) in samples of rat bone-forming
cells, which have been growing in a thermoelectric incubator for several days.
Principal investigator Dr. Nicola Partridge of the St. Louis University School
of Medicine will analyze the data from this experiment to answer some of the
questions about the changes that take place when bone is subjected to
microgravity. By understanding how spaceflight causes changes in bone cell
function, scientists can better understand why bones become weaker during
spaceflight.
Lee also inserted the second sample of the semiconductor material
lead-tin-tellurium into the Gradient Heating Furnace. Principal investigator
Dr. Tomoaki Yamada of Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation hopes to
produce homogeneous single crystals, widely used in electronic applications.
During the next 12-hour shift, Science Mission Specialist Mae Jemison and
Mission Specialist Jan Davis will concentrate their efforts on providing
information about the effects of body fluid loss to the lower extremities
during space flight. This investigation, known as the Lower Body Negative
Pressure Experiment, will help scientists develop countermeasures for the
effects of microgravity on the cardiovascular system for future space travel.
Jemison and Davis also will conduct other life and material sciences research
during their shift.
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
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STS-47 STATUS REPORT #14
MISSION CONTROL CENTER
Wednesday, September 16, 1992, 3 p.m. CDT
Capcom Sam Gemar announced to the Red Team crew members--Hoot Gibson, Curt
Brown, Mark Lee and Mamoru Mohri--at 9:44 a.m. CDT that the STS-47 Spacelab-J
mission will be extended one extra day for additional science work.
Flight controllers have been monitoring electrical power and breathing air
levels over the first four mission days and have accumulated enough surplus
consumables for about 25 hours additional time on-orbit over and above the
standard two extension days planned for weather delays or other unexpected
situations.
During their fifth work day in space, Gibson and Brown periodically ran a fan
hooked up to the air inlet at the front of the ISAIAH experiment container.
The fan came from one of the crew launch/entry partial pressure suits.
Increasing the air circulation through the hornets' enclosure did reduce the
humidity from about 96 percent to as low as 78 percent. Brown monitors the
humidity reading on the enclosure's instruments every two hours .
Investigators expect the fan will have to be run periodically for the remainder
of the flight.
Gibson and Brown continue monitoring and videotaping the prefilter installed in
the line between the cabin heat exchanger and the humidity separator. Detailed
test objective number 647 evaluates the performance of the filter to remove
debris from the air/water stream going from the heat exchanger to the humidity
separator.
The Blue Team--Jay Apt, Jan Davis and Mae Jemison--will wake up about 4 p.m.
CDT. The Red Team will hand over the Orbiter and Spacelab chores to the Blue
Team about 5 p.m. CDT.
All systems aboard Endeavour continue nearly flawless performance. Endeavour
is in a near-circular orbit of 16 by 162 nautical miles in an attitude that
minimizes the number of thruster firings so as not to disturb sensitive
experiments in the Spacelab module.
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
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SL-J SPACELAB STATUS REPORT #9
SL-J Mission Status Report #09
6:00 p.m. CDT, September 16, 1992
04/08:40 MET
Spacelab Mission Operations Control
Marshall Space Flight Center
Huntsville, Alabama
Payload Specialist Mamoru Mohri took time out to give a lesson on microgravity
to a group of school children in Japan. During the lesson, he told the children
what it is like to live and work in a microgravity environment. After "class"
was over, Mohri and Mission Specialist Mark Lee began their fifth day in the
shirt-sleeve atmosphere of the Spacelab module, located in the payload bay of
Space Shuttle Endeavour. Today's announcement of an extra day in space will
give the crew members of Spacelab-J another 24 hours to conduct research in the
microgravity laboratory.
An in-flight maintenance procedure was performed by Mohri to lubricate the
motor drive shaft of the Image Furnace (IMF). An earlier experiment run using
this heating facility prompted engineers to develop a maintenance procedure to
grease the motor drive shaft and allow the twin curved mirrors and two halogen
lamps to move freely over the sample being heated in the furnace. Once this
activity was completed, he installed a cubic sample of oxide glass into the
center of the IMF. The actual temperature of the oxide sample was determined by
observing the melting point of gold pieces imbedded in the glass sample.
Principal investigator Dr. Naohiro Soga of Kyoto University watched video
downlink of this experiment to obtain data on the occurrence of flow in a
melting glass sphere in microgravity and to confirm information obtained on
Earth for volume-temperature relationships of glass.
Mohri installed two samples of silicon into the Crystal Growth Experiment
Facility. The silicon was melted and allowed to grow into single crystals, then
cooled. One of the advantages of crystals grown in space is that crystal
growth can be achieved without the molten crystal touching the container, thus
eliminating some of the impurities associated with Earth-grown crystals.
Researchers will study these crystals to find out more about the growth and
non-uniform characteristics of oxidation of silicon material.
Mohri also conducted research in the area of life sciences today when he
examined cultures of hybridoma cells. This experiment is to give scientists
such as Dr. Atsushige Sato of Tokyo Medical and Dental University a better
understanding of the effects of microgravity on cell structure and function.
The cells in this investigation are like cancer cells in that they reproduce
rapidly; however, hybridomes secrete monoclonal antibodies, which fight disease
in much the same way that white blood cells do. Because of their rapid
reproduction and disease fighting capability, these hybridoma cells produce
valuable antibodies more rapidly than would white blood cells.
To check on the overall health and well-being of the female frogs, Lee pulled
the General Purpose Workstation from its stowed position in the Spacelab
module. The advantages of having a confined area to handle these African
clawed frogs were evident as video downlink showed one of the frogs leaping
from Lee's gloved hands and levitating momentarily in the absence of gravity.
During this activity, Lee added Ringer's solution (synthetic pond water) to the
frogs' containers to keep them comfortable during their stay in space.
Lee also took the chicken eggs out of their "space nests" and turned them over,
simulating the actions taken by a mother hen during incubation. This
experiment is being conducted on Spacelab-J to study the loss of calcium from
bones and the resultant loss of bone density during spaceflight. The results
of this investigation could help astronauts as well as people subjected to
prolonged bedrest on Earth.
During the next 12-hour shift, Mission Specialist Jan Davis and Science Mission
Specialist Mae Jemison will once again provide information to help evaluate the
effectiveness of the combination of fluid consumption and negative pressure on
the lower body extremities during a medical investigation known as the Lower
Body Negative Pressure experiment. Davis also will conduct research in
materials processing using paraffin with fine aluminum flakes as tracers in the
Marangoni Convection Experiment Unit.
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
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MISSION CONTROL CENTER
STS-47 Status Report #15
Wednesday, September 16, 1992, 10:30 p.m. CDT
Spacelab-J's Blue Team is midway through its sixth day of what is now expected
to be an eight-day mission aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
Mission Specialist Jay Apt worked with the Solid Surface Combustion Experiment
on the middeck and reported a good burn about 6:45 p.m. CDT. He noted,
however, that the instrumented filter paper appeared to burn slightly unevenly.
Apt also continued t o take Earth observations photographs, and reported that
so far Endeavour has made contact with about 5,700 ham radio operators using
the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment.
Mission Specialists Jan Davis and Mae Jemison continued their work with
experiments in the Spacelab-J module. Jemison participated in a live
television interview hosted by a Chicago television station and fielded
questions from students and former teachers in her hometown at the Chicago
Museum of Science and Industry.
Before he began his sleep shift, Pilot Curt Brown reported that the insects in
the Israeli Space Agency Investigation About Hornets appear to be working on
their comb and tending larvae. Yesterday, the crew ran a fan hooked up to the
air inlet at the front of the ISAIAH experiment container to increase the air
flow and lower the humidity in the middeck locker. Scientists asked for the
procedure because the hornets are used to a warm, dry climate. After the
report of the comb-building activity, the crew was told it no longer needs to
continue checking the hornets every two hours.
The Red Team--Hoot Gibson, Curt Brown, Mark Lee and Mamoru Mohri--will awaken
at 2:30 a.m. CDT Thursday and take over for the Blue Team about 5 a.m.
The crew was informed at 9:44 a.m. CDT Wednesday that the STS-47 Spacelab-J
will be extended one extra day for additional science work. Endeavour and its
crew have accumulated enough surplus consumables for about 25 hours additional
time on-orbit over and above the standard two extension days planned for
weather delays or other unexpected situations.
All systems aboard Endeavour continue to perform nearly flawlessly. Endeavour
is in a near-circular orbit of 164 by 163 nautical miles in an attitude that
minimizes the number of thruster firings so as not to disturb sensitive
experiments in the Spacelab module.
###
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MISSION CONTROL CENTER
STS-47 Status Report #16
Thursday, September 17, 1992, 5:30 am. CDT
Experiment data gathering is the norm aboard Endeavour as the spacecraft
continues to perform without any problems that would impact the Spacelab
science instruments.
Flight controllers spent a relatively quiet morning assisting Mission
Specialist Jay Apt in monitoring all orbiter systems and planning activities
for the Red Team of crew members.
Mission Specialist Mae Jemison discussed her activities thus far on the mission
with the Sheridan Broadcasting Network and was a guest on the CBS morning
program "Up to the Minute."
All seven crew members participated in a press conference, answering questions
from reporters located at the Kennedy Space Center and the Marshall Space
Flight Center.
Weather forecasters have begun taking a more detailed look at conditions for
Sunday's landing and are predicting improved conditions in Florida at time of
touchdown now scheduled for 6:19 a.m. CDT.
The crew will perform the routine checkout of Endeavour's flight control
surfaces tomorrow as planned pre-flight.
###
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SL-J Mission Status Report #10
6:00 a.m. CDT, September 17, 1992
04/20:40 MET
Spacelab Mission Operations Control
Marshall Space Flight Center
Huntsville, Alabama
Aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Blue Shift crew members Science Mission
Specialist Dr. Mae Jemison and Mission Specialist Dr. Jan Davis continued
conducting life sciences and materials processing research. NASA and Japan's
space agency NASDA are sharing resources in this joint venture, Spacelab-J, a
mission that has been extended one day, offering a "large increase in the
science return," according to Mission Manager Mr. J. Aubray King.
During their 12-hour shift, they took a break from their busy schedule to talk
to folks back home. Jemison, a medical doctor, spoke with students in Chicago,
Ill., where she grew up. She characterized Spacelab-J as a "very successful
mission" and credited NASA training. She also said that her teachers from
Morgan Park School were a great influence on her and her choice of a career.
Following that interview, Davis spoke with community leaders from her hometown,
Huntsville, Ala., the location of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. She said
that she likes the role of "ambassador in space" and is excited to be working
on a Marshall-managed mission, after spending eight years at Marshall as an
engineer.
The Spacelab science schedule is carefully planned before the mission and
constantly monitored by activities planners at Marshall Center's Spacelab
Mission Operations Control. When set-up for the Lower Body Negative Pressure
(LBNP) experiment took longer than expected, the ground crew quickly went to
work to reschedule one materials processing experiment that was to be performed
by Davis as she monitored Jemison's progress during a decompression portion of
the LBNP activity. The LBNP apparatus includes a cylindrical fabric bag that
seals around the subject's waist and acts as a vacuum vessel. This bag is
attached to the floor of the Spacelab module. Davis thanked principal
investigator Dr. John Charles of Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, for letting
her shift the bag's position, allowing Jemison to look out the Spacelab aft-end
window while confined in the bag, since crew members rarely have a chance to
enjoy the view. LBNP is a system being developed to counteract the effects of
space on the heart and to help astronauts keep comfortable and healthy,
especially on returning to gravity.
Earlier in her shift, Davis was the subject for the LBNP ramp protocol, a
30-minute decompression run. After that, she switched from life sciences to
materials processing when she turned on the Gradient Heating Furnace. She
inserted graphite containers containing four indium-and-aluminum samples and
one copper-and-lead sample inside a corrosion-resistant cartridge equipped with
an ultrasonic vibrator. The cartridge was initially heated to 1750 degrees
Fahrenheit to melt the samples. The temperature was maintained for 56 minutes,
during which time the vibrator operated for 10 minutes to mix the molten
ingredients. The temperature was then reduced to approximately 1200 degrees
Fahrenheit for 30 minutes, and finally cooled using a helium purge, solidifying
the ingredients into an alloy. In space, materials may be processed that are
difficult to mix on Earth due to gravity-induced separation of ingredients.
This experiment explores the possibility of fabricating more homogeneous, or
uniform, alloys. These samples will be returned to Earth for metallurgical
analysis by principal investigator Dr. Akihiko Kamio of the Tokyo Institute of
Technology.
Davis also terminated the growth in a small organic metal crystal cell.
Organic metals are organic compounds that have metal atoms or ions bound to
them, allowing them to conduct electricity. On Earth, gravity-driven
convection and sedimentation may cause crystals to develop flaws that make it
hard to examine their properties. Principal investigator Dr. Hiroyuki Anzai of
Japan's National Electrotechnical Laboratory wants to understand these
properties, as organic metals may make important contributions to electronics
in the future. This small crystal had been growing in the Organic Crystal
Growth Experiment Facility for nearly eight hours, observed by a still camera.
A large crystal sample continues to grow in a second OCG chamber. Because the
crystals are very fragile, the samples will be placed in a fluid for the return
to Earth.
Davis also removed a non-silicon-based glass sample that had previously been
processed in the Acoustic Levitation Furnace (ALF). Micrograviity allows
containerless processing, which has important implications for improving the
transmission properties of glass used for things such as telescopes. On Earth,
when glass is manufactured, the ingredients touch the sides of the containers
in which they are processed. This may introduce impurities and degrade the
ability of glass to transmit light waves. The ALF contains a speaker and two
mirrors that focus energy to levitate the glass-making ingredients. Dr. Junji
Hayakawa of Japan's Government Industrial Research Institute will study the
glass bead samples and video documentation produced to investigate the
possibility of containerless processing for superior glass production.
During the Red Shift, Payload Specialist Mamoru Mohri and Mission Specialist
Mark Lee will be performing the first run of the Bubble Behavior Unit, will
process materials samples in the Image Furnace, and continue monitoring the
carp experiment and another that studies the growth of bone cells in low
gravity.
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
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STS-47 STATUS REPORT #17
MISSION CONTROL CENTER
Thursday, September 17, 1992, 3:30 p.m. CDT
The STS-47 mission of Spacelab-J continues on schedule with Shuttle Endeavour
providing a stable work platform for science investigations inside the Spacelab
module.
Hoot Gibson and Curt Brown, STS-47 commander and pilot, respectively, completed
a waste water dump, monitored the Orbiter's onboard systems, and reported on
observations and videotape of the Israeli Space Agency Investigation About
Hornets. The invstigation uses oreintal hornets which have the unique ability
to build combs in the direction of gravity. Experimenters want to obtain
insight into the oriental hornet's ability to orient their combs when in
microgravity.
The ISAIAH experiment container is carried in a mid-deck locker on Endeavour.
Each of the 18 test chambers holds hornets of a different age. Hornets in
chamber number two on the bottom level of the experiment container have the
most organized nest cell. Some of the hornets appear disoriented by the
microgravity environment.
Red Team crew members--Hoot Gibson, Curt Brown, Mark Lee and Mamoru Mohri--
completed their sixth working day in space at 4:30 p.m. CDT when they will
hand over both Orbiter and Spacelab operations to the Blue Team--Jay Apt, Jan
Davis and Mae Jemison.
To protect for a landing on Saturday, the crew will perform the routine
checkout of Endeavour's flight control surfaces tomorrow as planned pre-flight.
Endeavour travels around the Earth every 90 minutes in an orbit of 166 x 162
nautical miles.
* * *
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SL-J Mission Status Report #11
6:00 p.m. CDT, September 17, 1992
05/08:40 MET
Spacelab Mission Operations Control
Marshall Space Flight Center
Huntsville, Alabama
The crew of Space Shuttle Endeavour held an in-flight press conference today.
Members of the Japanese and American press were allowed to asked questions of
Commander Robert Gibson, Pilot Major Curtis Brown, Mission Specialists Dr. Jay
Apt and Dr. Jan Davis, Payload Commander Lt. Colonel Mark Lee, Science Mission
Specialist Dr. Mae Jemison and Japanese Payload Specialist Dr. Mamoru Mohri. At
the conclusion of the interview, Lee and Mohri began their sixth day of
conducting research in the areas of life and materials science.
Mohri activated the last of the materials processing facilities today when he
used a syringe to create bubbles in the Bubble Behavior Unit. To create small
bubbles, Mohri injected two large bubbles into silicon oil, and shook the cell
vigorously. This experiment was designed to help principal investigator Dr.
Hisao Azuma of the National Aerospace Laboratory gain a better understanding of
the velocity of bubbles migrating when they are subjected to heat and
acoustical variations. This information will be used in developing and
refining microgravity materials processing techniques, as well as for
augmenting basic scientific knowledge.
Lee activated the Image Furnace and performed another experiment run to grow a
Samarskite crystal in microgravity. Samarskite, an unusual mineral composed of
calcium, iron, yttrium, uranium, thorium, nobium, tantalum, oxygen and other
elements, is being crystallized during Spacelab-J by what is known as the
traveling solvent float-zone method. A sample of Samarskite is placed in the
furnace and a melt zone created so that a single crystal can be grown. Lee and
Mohri provided verbal reports of the crystal's progress every 15 minutes during
its growth. By analyzing the video downlink and the Samarskite crystal after
it is returned to Earth, Dr. Shunji Takekawa, principal investigator from the
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, hopes to understand
more about how this unusual mineral was formed.
Two reports concerning the health and behavior of the carp aboard Spacelab-J
were given by Lee today. During these monitoring sessions, Lee also subjected
the fish to pulses of light, alternating between the top and side of their
in-flight containers. One of the carp had its otilith (gravity-sensing organ)
removed in preparation for this mission to compare its behavior to that of the
other fish, which has its otilith intact. Principal investigator Dr. Shigeo
Mori of Nagoya University will compare data from each of the two carp to study
the way fish adapt to the conflicts between visual and vestibular information
caused by weightlessness. The conflict of these signals may possibly be a
cause of space motion sickness.
Lee removed enzyme crystallization kits from the thermoelectric incubator where
they have been growing in a low temperature environment and photographed their
progress with a 35 mm camera. This is an experiment for principal investigator
Dr. Yuhei Morita of Kyoto University to grow large crystals of a functional
protein mixed with four kinds of enzymes without the effects of Earth's
gravity. As scientists understand more about proteins, the "building blocks of
life," it may become possible to produce proteins with new specific functions
and perhaps lead to improvements in nutrition and medicine.
During the next 12-hour shift, Jemison and Davis will continue gathering
information about the effects of gravity on the lower body as they perform the
Lower Body Negative Pressure experiment. These investigations will be a
24-hour follow-up to evaluate the effectiveness of yesterday's four-hour
treatment. Davis will activate the last of the life science experiments with
the Fluid Therapy System study dealing with on-board intravenous solutions and
means to administer these fluids. Jemison will conduct a materials science
investigation by performing an experiment on paraffin containing fine aluminum
flakes as tracers and she is scheduled to remove the Samarskite crystal from
the Image Furnace when its cool-down phase is complete.
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
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STS-47 element set GSFC-016 (orbit 75)
STS-47
1 22120U 92 61 A 92261.25080254 0.00076717 00000-0 25599-3 0 162
2 22120 57.0018 86.1352 0008861 296.9617 63.0553 15.89596179 752
Satellite: STS-47
Catalog number: 22120
Epoch time: 92261.25080254 (17 SEP 92 06:01:09.34 UTC)
Element set: GSFC-016
Inclination: 57.0018 deg
RA of node: 86.1352 deg Space Shuttle Flight STS-47
Eccentricity: 0.0008861 Keplerian Elements
Arg of perigee: 296.9617 deg
Mean anomaly: 63.0553 deg
Mean motion: 15.89596179 rev/day Semi-major Axis: 6681.5464 Km
Decay rate: 0.77E-03 rev/day*2 Apogee Alt: 309.08 Km
Epoch rev: 75 Perigee Alt: 297.24 Km
NOTE - This element set is based on NORAD element set # 016.
The spacecraft has been propagated to the next ascending
node, and the orbit number has been adjusted to bring it
into agreement with the NASA numbering convention.
G.L.CARMAN
STS-47
FLIGHT DAY 6 STATE VECTOR
ON ORBIT OPERATIONS
(Posted 09/16/92 by Roger Simpson)
The following vector for the flight of STS-47 is provided by NASA
Johnson Space Center Flight Design and Dynamics Division for use in
ground track plotting programs. The vector is valid for flight day
six. The vector represents the trajectory of Endeavour during on
orbit operations. Questions regarding these postings may be
addressed to Roger Simpson, Mail Code DM4, L. B. J. Space Center,
Houston, Texas 77058, Telephone (713) 483-1928.
Lift off Time : 1992/256/14:22:59.974
Lift off Date : 09/12/92
Vector Time (GMT) : 261/14:00:00.000
Vector Time (MET) : 004/23:37:00.030
Orbit Count : 80
Weight : 230490.0 LBS
Drag Coefficient : 2.00
Drag Area : 2751.0 SQ FT
M50 Elements Keplerian Elements
----------------------- --------------------------
X = -12004193.4 FT A = 3604.2391 NM
Y = -3957212.9 FT E = 0.0009360
Z = 17904511.3 FT I (M50) = 57.22028 DEG
Xdot = 666.535447 FT/S Wp (M50) = 319.09006 DEG
Ydot = -24821.752254 FT/S RAAN (M50) = 84.05425 DEG
Zdot = -5022.326695 FT/S / N (True) = 144.57965 DEG
Anomalies \ M (Mean) = 144.51745 DEG
Ha = 165.41700 NM
Hp = 161.43800 NM
Mean of 1950 (M50) : Inertial, right-handed Cartesian system whose
Coordinate System origin is the center of the earth. The epoch
is the beginning of the Besselian year 1950.
X axis: Mean vernal equinox of epoch
Z axis: Earth's mean rotational axis of epoch
Y axis: Completes right-hand system
A: Semi-major axis
E: Eccentricity N: True anomaly
I: Inclination M: Mean anomaly
Wp: Argument of perigee Ha: Height of apogee
RAAN: Right ascension of ascending node Hp: Height of perigee
Source:NASA Spacelink Modem:205-895-0028 Internet:192.149.89.61
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STS-47 TV SKED, REV J
***********************************************************************
NASA SELECT TV SCHEDULE
STS-47/SPACELAB-J
REV J
9/17/92
***********************************************************************
NASA Select programming can be accessed through GE Satcom F2R,
transponder 13. The frequency is 3960 MHz with an orbital position
of 72 degrees west longitude. This is a full transponder service
and will be operational 24 hours a day.
Two hour edited programs of each flight day will be replayed for Hawaii
and Alaska on SpaceNet 1, transponder 17L, channel 18. The orbital
position is 120 degrees West Longitude, with a frequency of 4060 MHz.
Audio is on 6.8 MHz. The programs will begin launch day and will
continue through landing, airing at 11 PM Central time, with the
exception of Friday, September 18, when programming will begin
two hours later.
This Nasa Select television schedule of mission coverage is available
on Comstore, the mission TV schedule computer bulletin board service.
Call 713-483-5817, and follow the prompts to access this service.
* DENOTES CHANGE FROM PREVIOUS SCHEDULE
ORBIT SUBJECT SITE MET CDT
----- ------- ---- --- ---
------------------------- Thursday, September 17 ----------------------
FD 6
84 MISSION STATUS BRIEFING JSC 05/05:37 03:00 PM
MSFC
85 RED/BLUE HANDOVER 05/07:00 04:23 PM
87 P/TV34 LBNP TDRW 05/09:47 07:10 PM
T=31:00
87 REPLAY - TODAY IN SPACE MSFC 05/10:07 07:30 PM
T=30:00
87 FLIGHT DAY SIX HIGHLIGHTS JSC 05/10:37 08:00 PM
T=30:00
88 P/TV34 LBNP TDRW 05/11:19 08:42 PM
T=19:50
-------------------------- Friday, September 18 -----------------------
FD 7
90 P/TV35 FLUID THERAPY SYSTEM TDRW 05/14:43 12:06 AM
T=21:38
92 P/TV35 FLUID THERAPY SYSTEM TDRW 05/17:48 03:11 AM
T=14:50
92 BLUE/RED HANDOVER 05/18:30 03:53 AM
93 P/TV20 ACOUSTIC LEVITATION FURNACE TDRE 05/19:50 05:13 AM
T=12:25
93 P/TV25 VIP CONVERSATION WITH TDRE 05/20:10 05:33 AM
JAPANESE PS A/V CHECK-OUT
T=30:00
94 P/TV25 VIP CONVERSATION WITH TDRE 05/21:40 07:03 AM
JAPANESE PAYLOAD SPECIALIST.
T=15:00
95 * VTR DUMP OF JAPAN EARTH VIEWS TDRE 05/21:55 07:18 AM
T=15:00
95 * P/TV03 TV OPPORTUNITY TDRE 05/22:10 07:33 AM
T=18:00
95 * NASA ADMINISTRATOR GOLDIN TDRW 05/22:50 08:13 AM
SPEAKS WITH CREW
(Live downlink available if
camera is available)
T=15:00
96 P/TV03 TV OPPORTUNITY TDRE 05/23:31 08:54 AM
T=30:00
96 P/TV07 VISUAL STABILITY TDRW 06/00:30 09:53 AM
T=8:00
97 P/TV07 VISUAL STABILITY TDRE 06/00:45 10:08 AM
T=32:48
97 P/TV07 VISUAL STABILITY TDRE 06/01:20 10:43 AM
T=22:01
98 P/TV03 TV OPPORTUNITY TDRE 06/02:37 12:00 PM
T=37:59
98 TODAY IN SPACE MSFC 06/03:37 01:00 PM
HOSTS - DR. BOB SOKOLOWSKI
DR. BYRON LICHTENBERG
99 P/TV39 PCG DEACTIVATION TDRW 06/04:54 02:17 PM
T=55:59
100 MISSION STATUS BRIEFING JSC 06/05:37 03:00 PM
MSFC
101 RED/BLUE HANDOVER 06/07:00 04:23 PM
103 REPLAY - TODAY IN SPACE MSFC 06/10:07 07:30 PM
T=30:00
103 FLIGHT DAY SEVEN HIGHLIGHTS JSC 06/10:37 08:00 PM
T=30:00
------------------------- Saturday, September 19 ----------------------
FD 8
108 BLUE/RED HANDOVER 06/18:45 04:08 AM
114 TODAY IN SPACE MSFC 07/03:37 01:00 PM
HOSTS - DR. BOB SOKOLOWSKI
DR. BYRON LICHTENBERG
115 MISSION STATUS BRIEFING JSC 07/04:37 02:00 PM
MSFC
117 RED/BLUE HANDOVER 07/07:15 04:38 PM
118 * KU BAND STOW 07/09:15 06:38 PM
119 REPLAY - TODAY IN SPACE MSFC 07/10:07 07:30 PM
T=30:00
119 FLIGHT DAY EIGHT HIGHLIGHTS JSC 07/10:37 08:00 PM
T=30:00
121 NASA SELECT ORIGINATION SWITCHED JSC 07/13:42 11:05 PM
TO JSC
121 RED TEAM AWAKE 07/14:15 11:38 PM
-------------------------- Sunday, September 20 -----------------------
FD 9
125 DE-ORBIT BURN (NOT TELEVISED) 07/19:56 05:19 AM
125 NASA SELECT ORIGINATION SWITCHED KSC 07/20:37 06:00 AM
TO KSC
126 KSC LANDING KSC 07/20:56 06:19 AM
LANDING REPLAYS KSC TBD
POST LANDING KSC 07/22:56 08:19 AM
PRESS CONFERENCE
POST LANDING SCIENCE MSFC 07/23:11 08:34 AM
PRESS CONFERENCE
ASTRONAUT DEPARTURE KSC TBD
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
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AFTE: Autogenic Feedback Training Experiment
A/V: Audio/Visual
CDT: Central Daylight Time
DFRF: Dryden Flight Research Facility
EDW: Edwards Air Force Base
FD: Flight Day
JSC: Johnson Space Center
KSC: Kennedy Space Center
LBNP: Lower Body Negative Pressure Experiment
MET: Mission Elapsed Time. The time which begins at
the moment of launch and is read: DD/HH:MM.
MSFC: Marshall Space Flight Center
PCG: Protein Crystal Growth
P/TV: Photographic/Television downlink
STS: Space Transportation System
TDRE,W: Tracking and Data Relay Satellites, East and West
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CANADIAN EXPERIMENTS (CANEX)
The Canadian Space Agency
The Canadian Space Agency (CSA) was formed in 1989 with a mandate to
promote the peaceful use and development of space, to advance the knowledge of
space through science and to ensure that space science and technology provide
social and economic benefits for Canadians.
To meet these objectives, CSA coordinates a variety of programs involving
space science, space technology, Space Station development, satellite
communications, remote sensing and human space flight. An integral part of
CSA, the Canadian Astronaut Program, supports space research and development in
close cooperation with scientists and engineers in government, universities and
the private sector. These investigations focus on space science, space
technology and life sciences research carried out on Earth and in space.
Canadian Experiments-2 (CANEX-2)
CANEX-2 is a group of space technology, space science, materials
processing and life sciences experiments which will be performed in space by
Canadian Payload Specialist Dr. Steve MacLean during the STS-52 mission of
Space Shuttle Columbia. Bjarni Tryggvason is a backup crew member and alternate
to Dr. MacLean for this mission.
The potential applications of CANEX-2 space research include machine
vision systems for use with robotic equipment in space and in environments such
as mines and nuclear reactors. Other potential applications relate to the
manufacturing of goods, the development of new protective coatings for
spacecraft materials, improvements in materials processing, a better
understanding of the stratosphere which contains the protective ozone layer,
and greater knowledge of human adaptation to microgravity.
Many of these experiments are extensions of the work carried out by Dr.
Marc Garneau as part of the CANEX group of experiments that helped form his
1984 mission.
Space Vision System Experiment (SVS)
Principal Investigator: Dr. H.F. Lloyd Pinkney, National Research Council of
Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
Space is a difficult visual environment with few reference points and
frequent periods of extremely dark or bright lighting conditions. Astronauts
working in space find it difficult to gauge the distance and speed of objects
such as satellites.
The development of the Space Vision System (SVS), a machine vision system
for robotic devices, such as the Canada arm, was undertaken to enhance human
vision in the unfavorable viewing conditions of space. The SVS can provide
information on the exact location, orientation and motion of a specified
object. Dr. MacLean will evaluate an experimental Space Vision System for
possible use in the Space Shuttle and in the construction of Space Station
Freedom.
The Space Vision System uses a Shuttle TV camera to monitor a pattern of
target dots of known spacing arranged on an object to be tracked. As the
object moves, the SVS computer measures the changing position of the dots and
provides a real-time TV display of the location and orientation of the object.
This displayed information will help an operator guide the Canada arm or the
Mobile Servicing System (MSS) when berthing or deploying satellites.
For the CANEX-2 experiments, target dots have been placed on the Canadian
Target Assembly (CTA), a small satellite carried in the Space Shuttle's cargo
bay. During the flight, a mission specialist will use the arm to deploy the
CTA and take it through a series of maneuvers using the information displayed
by the SVS. Dr. MacLean will evaluate SVS performance and investigate details
that need to be considered to design a production model of the system.
Beyond its possible application as a computerized eye for the Space
Shuttle, a system derived from the Space Vision System may be used to help
construct and maintain the Space Station. In another application, an SVS-based
system could guide small, remotely-operated space vehicles for satellite
retrieval and servicing. On Earth, advances in machine vision could lead to
improvements in the manufacturing of products, in auto plants for example, and
to applications involving work in environments such as mines or nuclear
reactors.
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SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS
Materials Exposure in Low-Earth Orbit (MELEO)
Principal Investigator: Dr. David G. Zimcik, Canadian Space Agency, Ottawa,
Ontario.
Plastics and composite materials used on the external surfaces of
spacecraft have been found to degrade in the harsh environment of space.
Evidence suggests that this degradation is caused by interaction with atomic
oxygen which induces damaging chemical and physical reactions. The result is a
loss in mass, strength, stiffness and stability of size and shape.
The MELEO experiment is an extension of work performed by the CSA which
began with the Advanced Composite Materials Experiment (ACOMEX) flown on Marc
Garneau's 1984 mission. Researchers now want to extend the valuable baseline
date obtained to further investigate the deterioration process, try new
protective coatings and test materials designed for use on specific space
hardware such as the Mobile Servicing System (MSS) for the Space Station
Freedom and RADARSAT, the Canadian remote sensing satellite scheduled for
launch in early 1995.
The MELEO experiment will expose over 350 material specimens mounted on
"witness plates" on the Canada arm and analyzed after the mission. Typical
spacecraft materials will be tested along with new developments in protective
measures against atomic oxygen. The specimens will be exposed in the flight
direction for at least 30 hours. Dr. MacLean periodically will photograph the
specimens to record the stages of erosion. All materials will be returned to
Earth for detailed examination.
The MELEO experiment uses active elements called Quartz Crystal
Microbalances (QCM's), attached to the end of the Canada arm, to measure the
erosion of material with a very high degree of accuracy. Their electrical
functions are regulated by a controller located on the aft flight-deck of the
Shuttle orbiter. Data will be recorded using the on- board Payload General
Service Computer (PGSC). This will enable the Canadian Payload Specialist to
have real-time readouts of the erosion data during the mission.
It is expected that the MELEO experiment will provide data on the
performance of new materials exposed to the true space environment and provide
information to be used in the development of effective ground-based space
simulation facilities capable of testing and screening spacecraft materials in
the laboratory.
Orbiter Glow-2 (OGLOW-2)
Principal Investigator: Dr. E.J. (Ted) Llewellyn, University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon.
Photographs taken by astronauts have revealed a glow emanating from
Shuttle surfaces facing the direction of motion. This phenomenon is thought to
be caused by the impact of high-velocity atoms and the effect of the orbiter's
surface temperature.
In the first OGLOW experiment, Dr. Marc Garneau successfully photographed
the glow phenomenon. Computer analysis of these photographs and of
corresponding video recordings revealed the bright areas to be concentrated
around the Shuttle's tail section instead of around the entire Shuttle, as had
been expected.
Additional data, obtained when Dr. Garneau took several photographs while
the Shuttle's thrusters were firing, led to the need for an OGLOW-2 experiment.
This experiment will explore in greater detail the gaseous reactions caused by
the orbiter thrusters through the post-flight analysis of the thruster-induced
glow spectrum.
Photographs of the Shuttle's tail, primarily while the thrusters are
firing, will be taken. On-board TV cameras will obtain corresponding video
recordings. The OGLOW-2 experiment also should determine when theroptical
measurements taken from the Shuttle might be adversely affected by the glow.
As part of the experiment, Dr. MacLean will use newly developed equipment
to photograph the Canadian Target Assembly with its different material
surfaces. The OGLOW-2 experiment also will study the glow from the Earth's
upper atmosphere.
Queen's University Experiment in Liquid-Metal Diffusion (QUELD)
Principal Investigator: Prof. Reginald W. Smith, Queen's University, Kingston,
Ontario.
Atoms of any substance, whether liquid or solid, are in constant motion.
Knowledge of the rate at which atoms move around and in between each other
(diffusion) is important for a variety of industrial processes. On Earth, the
effects of convection make it difficult to measure the actual degree of
diffusion taking place within a substance. In space, where convection is
eliminated, it is possible to obtain more accurate information.
The QUELD experiment will allow diffusion coefficient measurements of a
number of liquid state metals. The QUELD apparatus contains two small electric
furnaces in which over 40 specimens will be heated in tiny graphite crucibles
until the test metals are molten. They will be allowed to diffuse for 30
minutes or more and then rapidly cooled to solidify the metals for post-flight
analysis.
The researchers hope to use the data to help develop a general theory to
predict the rate of diffusion for any metal in the liquid state, as well as
provide fundamental information about the structure of liquid metals. This is
expected to lead to creation of better crystals for use in the fabrication of
computer microchips and radiation sensors and to the development of special
alloys which cannot be made on Earth.
Sun Photo Spectrometer Earth Atmosphere Measurement (SPEAM-2)
Principal Investigator: Dr. David I. Wardle, Environment Canada, Toronto,
Ontario.
The measurement of atmospheric structure and composition using space-based
instruments has provided a vast new capability for environmental monitoring.
SPEAM-2 will add to an expanding body of information about the stratosphere,
the part of the upper atmosphere containing most of Earth's protective ozone
layer.
The SPEAM-2 experiment comprises two measuring instruments and a control
computer developed by the Atmospheric Environment Service of Environment
Canada. The Sun Photo Spectrometer (SPS) will make multispectral measurements
of ozone and nitrogen compounds which play an important role in controlling
ozone balance especially in the presence of chlorine. Atmospheric
transmission, or the degree to which light is absorbed in the Earth's
atmosphere, also will be measured in the visible and near-infrared parts of the
solar spectrum. This hand-held instrument will be aimed at the sun by Dr.
MacLean during several sunset and sunrise periods.
The Airglow Imaging Radiometer (AIR) will observe atmospheric air glow
from atmospheric molecular oxygen in several regions of the electromagnetic
spectrum and possibly from OH radicals, highly reactive molecules composed of
oxygen and hydrogen, which affect the ozone concentration in the stratosphere.
These measurements will provide information about the chemical processes
which take place in the stratosphere and affect the protective ozone layer.
SPEAM-2 data will complement other measurements including those from NASA's
Solar Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) and other ground- based observations.
It is expected that the SPEAM-2 experiment will provide extremely useful
information about the upper atmosphere and the capabilities of the new
instruments. The engineering data and experience gathered will enable Canadian
atmospheric scientists to make more effective use of future space platforms
such as research satellites and Space Station Freedom.
Phase Partitioning in Liquids (PARLIQ)
Principal Investigator: Dr. Donald E. Brooks, Department of Pathology and
Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Phase partitioning is being studied as a way of separating, from complex
substances, different kinds of cells which differ only subtly in their surface
properties.
The process uses two types of polymers (compounds formed by repeated units
of similar but not identical molecules) dissolved together in water. They form
two solutions, called"phases", which react to one another like oil and vinegar,
one floating up to lie on top of the other once they have been mixed and left
to stand. When mixtures of small particles such as cells are added to the
liquids, some are attracted to one of the phases, some to the other.
Consequently, the liquids separate the cell types.
The astronaut will shake a container holding a number of chambers with
solutions containing different mixtures of model cells visible through windows.
The container then will be observed and photographed at short intervals as
partitioning occurs. At the end of the experiment, the separated phases
containing their cells will be isolated and returned to Earth. The effects of
applying an electric field on the separation process also will be studied.
The ultimate objective is to increase the purity of the separated cells.
On Earth, it is difficult to separate substances and achieve maximum purity
using this process because of gravity-induced fluid flow. In microgravity, the
combined forces acting on the liquids and the cells are entirely different from
those on Earth, and the physics of the process can be better understood.
A phase partitioning experiment using the same apparatus was performed by
Dr. Roberta Bondar and other crew members during her January 1992 mission.
This investigation was itself an extension of an experiment carried out in 1985
on Shuttle mission 51D in which test solutions separated in a way that had not
been observed previously. The results of this experiment will be of interest
to medical researchers because the results apply to the separation and
purification of cells involved in transplants and treatment of disease.
Space Adaptation Tests and Observations (SATO)
Principal Investigator: Dr. Alan Mortimer, CSA, Ottawa, Ontario.
Every flight by a Canadian astronaut includes research into human
adaptation to spaceflight. Dr. MacLean's mission is no exception. The data
obtained will supplement the results of similar experiments performed during
the missions of Drs. Marc Garneau and Roberta Bondar. What follows are
descriptions of the investigations which make up the SATO group of experiments.
Vestibular-Ocular Reflex Check
Investigator: Dr. Doug Watt, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec.
An experiment performed by Marc Garneau in October 1984 investigated the
effect of weightlessness on the vestibulo- ocular reflex, an automatic response
triggered by the vestibular system that keeps the eyes focused on a given
object despite head motion. Although researchers expected at least a slight
deterioration in the functioning of this reflex, systematic testing revealed no
change.
Since these unexpected results were obtained several hours after launch,
time during which considerable adaptation could have occurred, it is now
necessary to test the vestibulo-ocular reflex at the time of entry into
microgravity.
The payload specialist will use a hand-held target and by rotating the
head back and forth, determine the ability of the eyes to track correctly.
Body Water Changes in Microgravity
Investigators: Dr. Howard Parsons, Dr. Jayne Thirsk and Dr. Roy Krouse,
University of Calgary.
In the absence of gravity there is a shift of body fluids towards the head
which leads to the "puffy face" syndrome observed in astronauts after several
days of spaceflight. There also is a loss of water from the body early in a
spaceflight. Preliminary results from Dr. Roberta Bondar's IML-1 mission in-
dicate that there may be significant dehydration occurring.
This test will determine changes in total body water throughout the
spaceflight. The payload specialist will ingest a sample of heavy water at the
beginning and end of the mission, and saliva samples will be collected daily.
Upon return, the samples will be analyzed to determine total body water.
The results of this experiment are important in developing nutritional
protocols for long duration spaceflight and will contribute to the development
of countermeasures to be used during re-entry.
Assessment of Back Pain in Astronauts
Investigator: Dr. Peter C. Wing, Head, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
University of British Columbia,, University Hospital, Vancouver.
More than two thirds of astronauts have reported experiencing back pain
during spaceflight. The pain seems to be worst during the first few days in
space. This may be due to the astronauts' total height increase of up to 7.4
cm as recently documented during Dr. Roberta Bondar's IML-1 mission.
The height increase in the absence of gravity results from spinal column
lengthening and the flattening of the normal spinal curves. This probably
results from an increase in the water content and thus, the height of the discs
between the vertebrae of the spine. This in turn may result in an increase in
the distance between the vertebrae and may cause pain from tension on soft
tissue such as muscle, nerves and ligaments.
This experiment will continue the investigation of the causes of back pain
in space which began during the IML-1 mission. The ultimate goal is to develop
techniques to be used either before or during spaceflight to alleviate its
effects. During the mission, Dr. Steve MacLean will measure his height and use
a special diagram to record the precise location and intensity of any back
pain. It is expected that the results of this experiment will lead to an
increased understanding of back pain on Earth.
Illusions During Movement
Investigator: Dr. Doug Watt, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec.
Astronauts have experienced the disconcerting illusion that the floor is
moving up and down while performing deep knee bends in space and after return
to Earth.
The objective of this test is to determine when these illusions occur and
to investigate how visual and tactile inputs may affect such illusions. For
example, the payload specialist may hold onto a fixed object such as a seat
while doing knee bends to see if that alters the illusion of the floor moving.
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TANK PRESSURE CONTROL EXPERIMENT/THERMAL PHENOMENA
An important issue in microgravity fluid management is controlling
pressure in on-orbit storage tanks for cryogenic propellants and life support
fluids, particularly liquid hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. The purpose of the
Tank Pressure Control Experiment/Thermal Phenomena (TPCE/TP) is to provide some
of the data required to develop the technology for pressure control of
cryogenic tankage.
TPCE/TP represents an extension of the data acquired in the Tank Pressure
Control Experiment (TPCE) which flew on STS-43 in 1991. The flight of TPCE
significantly increased the knowledge base for using jet-induced mixing to
reduce the pressure in thermally stratified subcritical tanks. Mixing
represents a positive means of limiting pressure build-up due to thermal
stratification and may allow non-vented storage of cryogenics for some of the
shorter duration missions.
Longer missions, however, will require venting and will likely use
thermodynamic vent systems for pressure control. The efficient design of
either active or passive pressure control systems will depend on knowledge of
the thermodynamic processes and phenomena controlling the pressure build-up in
a low-gravity environment.
The purpose of the reflight, TPCE/TP, is to focus on the thermal phenomena
involved in the self-pressurization of subcritical tanks in a low-g
environment.
New technology for managing fluids in low gravity will be required for
future space systems, such as the Space Transfer Vehicle, Space Station
Freedom, space exploration initiatives, serviceable satellites, hypervelocity
aerospace vehicles and space defense systems.
Both TPCE and TPCE/TP are part of NASA's In-Space Technology Experiments
Program (IN-STEP), managed by NASA's Office of Aeronautics and Space
Technology. The TPCE/TP Project Manager is Richard Knoll, NASA Lewis Research
Center, Cleveland. Lewis investigators proposed and are managing the refight.
M. M. Hasan from Lewis is the Principal Investigator. Boeing Aerospace Co.,
Seattle, Washington, developed the original flight hardware.
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The first line of the file:
STS-52 MIDDECK PAYLOADS
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STS-52 CREW BIOGRAPHIES
James (Jim) D. Wetherbee, 39, U.S. Navy Commander, is Commander of
Columbia's 13th space mission. Selected to be an astronaut in 1984, Wetherbee,
from Flushing, N.Y., is making his second Shuttle flight.
Wetherbee served as Pilot on Columbia's STS-32 mission in January 1990 to
rendezvous with and retrieve the Long Duration Exposure Facility and to deploy
a Navy communications satellite.
A graduate of Holy Family Diocesan High School in South Huntington, N.Y.,
in 1970, Wetherbee received a bachelor of science degree in Aerospace
Engineering from the University of Notre Dame in 1974.
He was commissioned in the U.S. Navy in 1975 and was designated a Naval
Aviator in 1976. He has logged more than 3,500 hours flying time in 20
different types of aircraft. His first Shuttle mission lasted 261 hours.
Michael (Mike) A. Baker, 38, U.S. Navy Captain, is Pilot of STS-52. From
Lemoore, Calif., he was selected as an astronaut candidate in 1985 and flew his
first Shuttle mission aboard Atlantis' STS-43 mission in August 1991.
As a crewmember on that flight, Baker helped in conducting 32 experiments
as well as the primary mission to deploy a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite.
Baker graduated from Lemoore Union High School in 1971 and received a
bachelor of science degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of
Texas in 1975.
He completed flight training in 1977 and has logged more than 3,600 hours
flying time in almost 50 types of aircraft. Baker logged more than 213 hours
in space on his first Shuttle mission.
Charles L. (Lacy) Veach, 48, is Mission Specialist 1. Prior to being
selected as an astronaut in 1984, he served as an instructor pilot in the
Shuttle Training Aircraft used to train pilot astronauts to land the Space
Shuttle. Veach from Honolulu, Haw., previously was a mission specialist on
STS-39 in April 1991.
Veach was responsible for operating a group of instruments in support of
the unclassified Department of Defense mission aboard Discovery to better
understand rocket plume signatures in space as part of the Strategic Defense
Initiative.
A graduate of Punahou School in Honolulu, Veach received a bachelor of
science degree in Engineering Management from the U.S. Air Force Academy in
1966.
He was commissioned in the Air Force after graduation and received his
pilot wings at Moody AFB, Ga., in 1967. Veach has logged more than 5,000 hours
in various aircraft. His first Shuttle mission lasted more than 199 hours.
William M. Shepherd, 43, Navy Captain, is Mission Specialist 2. He was
selected as an astronaut in 1984 and is from Babylon, N.Y. STS-52 is Shepherd's
third Space Shuttle flight.
He served as a mission specialist on Atlantis' STS-27 mission, a
Department of Defense flight in December 1988. His second flight also was as a
mission specialist on STS-41, a Discovery flight in October 1990 to deploy the
Ulysses spacecraft designed to explore the polar regions of the Sun.
Shepherd graduated from Arcadia High School, Scottsdale, Ariz., in 1967
and received a bachelor of science degree in Aerospace Engineering from the
Naval Academy in 1971. In 1978 he received the degrees of Ocean Engineer and
master of science in Mechanical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.
Prior to joining NASA, Shepherd served with the Navy's Underwater
Demolition Team, Seal Team and Special Boat Unit. He has logged more than 203
hours in space.
Tamara (Tammy) E. Jernigan, 33, is Mission Specialist 3. Born in
Chattanooga, Tenn., she was selected to be an astronaut in 1985. She first
flew on Columbia's STS-40 Spacelab Life Sciences-1 mission.
As a mission specialist, Jernigan participated in experiments to better
understand how the human body adapts to the space environment and then readapts
to Earth's gravity. The Spacelab mission was the first dedicated to life
sciences aboard the Shuttle.
She graduated from Sante Fe High School in Santa Fe Springs, Calif., in
1977. She received a bachelor of science degree in Physics and a master of
science degree in Engineering Science from Stanford University in 1981 and
1983. Jernigan also received a master of science degree in Astronomy from the
University of California-Berkeley in 1985 and a doctorate in Space Physics and
Astronomy from Rice University in 1988.
Prior to becoming an astronaut, Jernigan worked in the Theoretical Studies
Branch at NASA's Ames Research Center. With her first Shuttle mission, Jernigan
has logged more than 218 hours in space.
Steven (Steve) Glenwood MacLean, 37, is Payload Specialist 1. Born in
Ottawa, Ontario, he will be making his first Shuttle flight.
MacLean attended primary and secondary school in Ottawa and received a
bachelor of science degree in Honours Physics and doctorate in Physics from
York University in 1977 and 1983, respectively.
He was one of six Canadian astronauts selected in December 1983. He was
designated as the payload specialist to fly with the CANEX-2 set of Canadian
experiments manifested on the STS-52 flight.
MacLean is currently actively involved in the development of space
technology, space science, materials processing and life sciences experiments
that he will perform in space on the mission. He is astronaut advisor to the
Strategic Technologies in the Automation and Robotics Program and Program
Manager of the Advanced Space Vision System being flown on the mission.
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MISSION MANAGEMENT FOR STS-52
NASA HEADQUARTERS, WASHINGTON, D.C.
Office of Space Flight
Jeremiah W. Pearson III - Associate Administrator
Brian O'Connor - Deputy Associate Administrator
Tom Utsman - Director, Space Shuttle
Office of Space Science
Dr. Lennard A. Fisk - Associate Administrator
Alphonso V. Diaz - Deputy Associate Administrator
Dr. Shelby G. Tilford - Director, Earth Science
and Applications
Robert Benson - Director, Flight Systems
Robert Rhome - Director, Microgravity Science and
Applications
Louis Caudill - LAGEOS II Program Manager
Dr. Miriam Baltuck - LAGEOS II Program Scientist
David Jarrett - USMP-1 Program Manager
Office of Commercial Programs
John G. Mannix - Assistant Administrator
Richard H. Ott - Director, Commercial Development Division
Garland C. Misener - Chief, Flight Requirements and
Accommodations
Ana M. Villamil - Program Manager, Centers for the Commercial
Development of Space
Raymond P. Whitten - Director, Commercial Infrastructure
Office of Safety and Mission Quality
Col. Federick Gregory - Associate Administrator
Dr. Charles Pellerin, Jr. - Deputy Associate Administrator
Richard Perry - Director, Programs Assurance
Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology
Richard H. Petersen - Associate Administrator
Gregory M. Reck - Director for Space Technology
Jack Levine - Manager, Space Experiments Office
Arthur R. Lee - Program Manager, Heat Pipe Performance
Experiment
Richard A. Gualdoni - Program Manager, Tank Pressure Control
Experiment/Thermal Phenomena
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA.
Robert L. Crippen - Director
James A. "Gene" Thomas - Deputy Director
Jay F. Honeycutt - Director, Shuttle Management and
Operations
Robert B. Sieck - Launch Director
Bascom Murrah - Columbia Flow Director
J. Robert Lang - Director, Vehicle Engineering
Al J. Parrish - Director of Safety Reliability and
Quality Assurance
John T. Conway - Director, Payload Management and Operations
P. Thomas Breakfield - Director, Shuttle Payload Operations
Joanne H. Morgan - Director, Payload Project Management
Mike Kinnan - STS-52 Payload Processing Manager
MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, HUNTSVILLE, ALA.
Thomas J. Lee - Director
Dr. J. Wayne Littles - Deputy Director
Harry G. Craft - Manager, Payload Projects Office
Alexander A. McCool - Manager, Shuttle Projects Office
Dr. George McDonough - Director, Science and Engineering
James H., Ehl - Director, Safety and Mission Assurance
Otto Goetz - Manager, Space Shuttle Main Engine Project
Victor Keith Henson - Manager, Redesigned Solid Rocket
Motor Project
Cary H. Rutland - Manager, Solid Rocket Booster Project
Parker Counts - Manager, External Tank Project
R. E. Valentine - Mission Manager, USMP-1
Sherwood Anderson - Asst. Mission Manager
Dr. S. L. Lehoczky - Mission Scientist, USMP-1
Dr. M. Volz - Asst. Mission Scientist
Lyne Luna - Payload Operations Lead
Rose Cramer - Payload Operations Lead
JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON
Aaron Cohen - Director
Paul J. Weitz - Acting Director
Daniel Germany - Manager, Orbiter and GFE Projects
Donald Puddy - Director, Flight Crew Operations
Eugene F. Kranz - Director, Mission Operations
Henry O. Pohl - Director, Engineering
Charles S. Harlan - Director, Safety, Reliability and Quality
Assurance
STENNIS SPACE CENTER, BAY ST LOUIS, MISS.
Roy S. Estess - Director
Gerald Smith - Deputy Director
J. Harry Guin - Director, Propulsion Test Operations
AMES-DRYDEN FLIGHT RESEARCH FACILITY, EDWARDS, CALIF.
Kenneth J. Szalai - Director
T. G. Ayers - Deputy Director
James R. Phelps - Chief, Shuttle Support Office
AMES RESEARCH CENTER, MOUNTAIN VIEW, CALIF.
Dr. Dale L. Compton - Director
Victor L. Peterson - Deputy Director
Dr. Joseph C. Sharp - Director, Space Research
GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, GREENBELT, MD.
Dr. John M. Klineberg - Director
Peter T. Burr - Deputy Director
Vernon J. Weyers - Director, Flight Projects Directorate
Jerre Hartman - Project Manager, International Projects
James P. Murphy - Deputy Project Manager for LAGEOS
Dr. Ronald Kolenkiewicz - Project Scientist
ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY
Professor Luciano Guerriero - President, Italian Space Agency
Professor Carlo Buongiorno - Director General, Italian
Space Agency
Cesare Albanesi - Program Manager, Lageos II, Italian
Space Agency
Giovanni Rum - Program Manager, IRIS, Italian Space Agency
Dr. Roberto Ibba - Mission Manager, Lageos II/IRIS
CANADIAN SPACE AGENCY
W. MacDonald Evans - Vice President, Operations
Bruce A. Aikenhead - CANEX-II Program Manager And Director-
General, Astronaut Program
Bjami V. Tryggvason - Alternate Payload Specialist
And Payload Operations Director
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